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Helen Osborne Storrow (September 22, 1864 – November 12, 1944) was a prominent American philanthropist, early Girl Scout leader, and chair of the World Committee of the World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts (WAGGGS) for eight years. She founded the First National Girl Scout Leaders' Training in Long Pond, Massachusetts; headed the leaders' training camp at Foxlease, UK; and donated the first of the WAGGGS World centres, Our Chalet.〔Hirshler, Erica A. ''A Studio of Her Own: Women Artists in Boston 1870-1940''. Boston: MFA Publications, 2001, pp. 49-50. ISBN 0-87846-482-4.〕 She was married to James J. Storrow, a prominent banker, who was the second national president of the Boy Scouts of America.〔Murray, William D. ''The History of the Boy scouts of America,'' p. 169 New York: Boy Scouts of America, 2008〕 ==Family and progressive roots== Born Helen Osborne on September 22, 1864 in Auburn, New York, she was the youngest of David Munson (“Munson”) Osborne and Eliza Wright's four children.〔"D. M. Osborne Dead: He calmly passes away at his home." ''Auburn Weekly Dispatch.''" Wed, July 7, 1886. col. 2-3, p. ? (Photobucket.com )〕〔Putala, Claire White. ''Reading and Writing Ourselves Into Being,'' p. 160 Information Age Publishing, 2004〕 Her parents were raised in modest circumstances, but by the time of Helen's birth, Munson Osborne had become one of the most prominent men in Cayuga County.〔Chamberlain, Rudolph Wilson. ''There Is No Truce: A Life of Thomas Mott Osborne,'' pp. 28-46, 50-51, 74-75, 82, 91-98. Freeport, NY: Books for Libraries Press, 1970〕 Helen and her siblings enjoyed a happy and privileged upbringing, attending private schools, traveling through Europe, and spending summers at their home on Owasco Lake at Willow Point, New York.〔 The Osborne mansion at 99 South Street served as a cultural center in Auburn.〔"Death of Mrs. D. M. Osborne: Peaceful End of a Most Useful Life of Almost 82 years." ''The Citizen (Auburn, NY).'' Wed., July 19, 1911. col. 1, p. 1 (Photobucket.com )〕 Her eldest sister, Emily (1854–1944), married Springfield banker Frederick Harris; her next eldest sister, Florence (1856–1877), was described as a gentle girl, extremely fond of animals, who died of typhoid fever, leaving behind a fiancée, Samuel Bowles; her only brother, Thomas Mott Osborne (1859–1926), inherited his father’s business, and became a stalwart advocate of prison reform.〔〔〔Ancestry.com. ''1860 United States Federal Census (on-line ). 2nd Wd Auburn, Cayuga Co., New York.'' Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2004. Original data: United States of America, Bureau of the Census. Eighth Census of the United States, 1860. Washington, D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, 1860. M653, 1,438 rolls. (Photobucket.com ) Text: David M. Osborn 38 Male White Manufacturer of Ag. ???? $8000 b. NY Eliza W. Osborn 29 Female White b. NY Emily Osborn 7 Female White b. NY Florence Osborn 4 Female White b. NY Thomas Osborn 1 Male White b. NY Francis Halfpenny 26 Female White Servant b. Ireland Maria O'Brien 23 Female White Servant b. Ireland〕〔Ancestry.com. ''1870 United States Federal Census (on-line ). 2nd Wd Auburn, Cayuga Co., New York,'' Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2003. Original data: 1870. United States. Ninth Census of the United States, 1870. Washington, D.C. National Archives and Records Administration. M593, RG29, 1,761 rolls. (Photobucket.com ) Text: David M. Osborne 47 Male White Reaper Man'f. $25,000 $40,000 b. NY Eliza Osborne 39 Femael White Keep House b. NY Emily Osborne 17 Female White At Home b. NY Florence Osborne 13 Female White At School b. NY Thomas Osborne 11 Male White At School b. NY Helen Osborne 5 Female White b. NY Julia Nolen 24 Female White Domestic Servt. b. Ireland Maria Nolen 26 Female White Domestic Servt. b. Ireland Ellen Roan 19 Female White Domestic Servt. b. Ireland〕 Their father, Munson Osborne, was a farmer’s son from Rye, New York.〔 His ancestors were once prosperous landowners, but they became impoverished, having lost their fortune in the aftermath of the American Revolution.〔 Osborne left his father’s home at the age of fifteen, accepting work wherever it could be found.〔 After several failed business ventures, Osborne founded D. M. Osborne & Co. in 1856, and made a fortune manufacturing agricultural machinery.〔 Osborne’s life revolved around his work.〔 He was an exacting, but fair employer, and years after his death his former employees still spoke of him with admiration.〔 One of Auburn’s most respected citizens, Osborne served three terms as mayor (1877–1880); a position later held by both his son and one of his grandsons.〔 Munson Osborne was described as a loving husband and father, though he had a tendency to behave like a "benevolent autocrat."〔〔 He respected his wife, and happily entertained her more liberal friends and relations.〔〔 However, Osborne expected Eliza to conform, for the most part, to the traditional Victorian ideal of wife and mother.〔〔 This meant virtually abandoning suffrage work after her marriage, and devoting the bulk of her time to domestic affairs.〔〔〔Penney, Sherry H.; Livinston, James D. ''A Very Dangerous Woman: Martha Wright and Women’s Rights'' p. 223. Boston: University of Massachusetts Press, 2004〕 Having been raised in a family of social reformers, Eliza (Wright) Osborne was stubborn, self-reliant, witty and outspoken, a far less conventional figure than her spouse.〔"Auburn Mourns Death of Eliza W. Osborne." ''Auburn Semi-Weekly.'' Fri., July 21, 1911. col. 1-2, p. 6 (Photobucket.com )〕 She was the eldest child of David and Martha (Coffin) Wright. Both parents were descended from Quakers who traveled to the new world with William Penn.〔 The Wrights were not practicing Quakers, but they still adhered to many tenants of their parents’ faith - a belief in simplicity, equality, and individual dignity.〔 They were staunch abolitionists, whose home served as a stop on the Underground Railroad.〔〔〔Humez, Jean McMahon. ''Harriet Tubman: The Life and Life Stories,'' p. 316 Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 2004〕 The Wrights and their daughter, Eliza Osborne, were loyal friends of the Underground Railroad's famed “conductor," Harriet Tubman.〔Penney, Sherry H.; Livinston, James D. ''A Very Dangerous Woman: Martha Wright and Women’s Rights'' p. 132-133. Boston: Univversity Of Massachusetts Press, 2004〕〔Humez, Jean McMahon. ''Harriet Tubman: The Life and Life Stories,'' p. 26, 45, 78, 97 Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 2004〕 They helped Tubman settle in Auburn in 1860, and provided Tubman with odd jobs, enabling her to support her family.〔〔Penney, Sherry H.; Livinston, James D. ''A Very Dangerous Woman: Martha Wright and Women’s Rights'' p. 132-133. Boston: University of Massachusetts Press, 2004〕 Helen’s maternal grandfather was, like her father, ambivalent at best about the issue of women's suffrage, but that didn’t prevent Helen's grandmother from actively campaigning on behalf of political equality.〔Penney, Sherry H.; Livinston, James D. ''A Very Dangerous Woman: Martha Wright and Women’s Rights'' p. 39-41, 69-71, 213. Boston: University of Massachusetts Press, 2004〕 Martha Wright helped to organize the first suffrage convention at Seneca Falls in 1848, prepared the final draft of Elizabeth Cady Stanton’s Declaration of Sentiments, and briefly served as president of the National Woman's Suffrage Association before her death in 1874.〔〔Wellman, Judith. ''The Road to Seneca Falls,'' p. 224-225 Urbana:University of Illinois Press, 2004〕〔Penney, Sherry H.; Livinston, James D. ''A Very Dangerous Woman: Martha Wright and Women’s Rights'' p. 71-79, 132, 213. Boston: University of Massachusetts Press, 2004〕 Martha’s role in the suffrage movement has been largely overshadowed due to the fame of her older sister, the feminist, abolitionist, and Quaker minister, Lucretia (Coffin) Mott.〔〔Penney, Sherry H.; Livinston, James D. ''A Very Dangerous Woman: Martha Wright and Women’s Rights'' p. 34-35, 60-61. Boston: University of Massachusetts Press, 2004〕 The Wrights lived at just a walking distance from the Osborne mansion, and played a significant role in the upbringing of the Osborne children, including Helen.〔〔〔Penney, Sherry H.; Livinston, James D. ''A Very Dangerous Woman: Martha Wright and Women’s Rights'' p. 86. Boston: University of Massachusetts Press, 2004〕 David Wright came to live with the Osbornes a few years after Martha’s death, and spent the remainder of his life with Eliza's family, dying at a ripe old age in 1897.〔〔Penney, Sherry H.; Livinston, James D. ''A Very Dangerous Woman: Martha Wright and Women’s Rights'' p. 223. Boston: University of Massachusetts Press, 2004〕 Martha Wright’s friends and fellow reformers, individuals like Frederick Douglass, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Susan B. Anthony, and Anna Howard Shaw, were regular guests in the Osborne home.〔〔Wellman, Judith. ''The Road to Seneca Falls,'' p. 224-225 Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2004〕 Helen’s aunt, Ellen (Wright) Garrison, was also involved in the fight for suffrage.〔〔”Garrison Family Papers” ''Sophia Smith Collection.'' Smith College, Northampton, Massachusetts. (Smith.edu )〕 She was an active member of the National American Woman Suffrage Association, campaigning with her sister-in-law, Fanny Garrison Villard.〔〔 Ellen married William Lloyd Garrison, Jr., a wool merchant, and the eldest son of “the Great Emancipator,” abolitionist William Lloyd Garrison, Sr.〔〔Alonso, Harriet Hyman. ''Growing Up Abolitionist,'' p.207-209 Boston: University of Massachusetts Press, 2002〕 The younger Garrison was an abolitionist, pacifist, an opponent of Jim Crow laws and the Chinese Exclusion Act, an advocate of women’s suffrage, Henry George’s single tax, free trade, equality for Freedmen and immigrants, and a founding member of the American Anti-Imperialist League.〔Alonso, Harriet Hyman. ''Growing Up Abolitionist,'' p.155-157, 163, 283-292 Boston: University of Massachusetts Press, 2002〕〔Fishkin, Shelley F. ''A Historical Guide to Mark Twain, '' p. 252 Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002〕〔Schneider, Mark. ''Boston confronts Jim Crow, 1890-1920'' p.19, 88-92, 128 Boston: Northeastern University Press, 1997〕〔Thomas, John L. ''Alternative America,'' p. 63 Cambridge: Belknap Press, 1983〕〔Foner, Philip Sheldon; Rosenberg. Daniel. ''Racism, Dissent, and Asian Americans from 1850 to the Present,'' p. 103 Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1993〕 His younger brother, Francis Jackson Garrison, served as the first president of the Boston chapter of the N.A.A.C.P.〔Schneider, Mark. ''Boston confronts Jim Crow, 1890-1920'' p.x, 19 Boston: Northeastern Univiversity Press, 1997〕 Helen’s cousin, Eleanor Garrison, graduated from Smith College, and worked for Carrie Chapman Catt as an organizer at the New York office of the National American Woman Suffrage Association.〔Purvis, June. ''Emmeline Pankhurst: A Biography,'' p. 171, 315. New York: Routledge, 2002〕〔”Garrison Family Papers” ''Sophia Smith Collection.'' Smith College, Northampton, Massachusetts. (Fivecolleges.edu )〕 Continuing the family tradition of social reform, Eleanor later worked for several years as secretary of Armitage House Settlement in New York City.〔Charity Organization Society of the City of New York. "Armitage House Settlement." ''The New York Charities Directory,'' p. 19 New York, 1919 (Books.Google.com )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Helen Storrow」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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